What is the definition of a health disparity?

A health disparity is defined as a difference in health outcomes that is unfair or unjust. This definition focuses on the inequities that exist in health status among different populations, highlighting that not all health differences are considered disparities. Disparities often stem from social, economic, and environmental disadvantages that certain groups face, leading to a higher burden of disease, poorer health outcomes, and limited access to healthcare.

In contrast, variations in health status due to lifestyle choices do not inherently relate to unfairness; individuals may make different choices based on a variety of factors, including personal circumstances. Likewise, a measure of health insurance coverage pertains to access to healthcare rather than the outcomes themselves. Factors influencing population aging may affect health status but do not specifically define what constitutes a health disparity in terms of inequity in health outcomes. Thus, recognizing the unjust nature of health disparities is essential for addressing and mitigating these inequities in health care and promoting overall public health.